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Enemies of the United States.<br> ...

# In Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), the United States Supreme Court affirmed the lower court decision finding the above provision # In Playboy Entm’t, Inc. v. United States, 30 F. Supp. 2d 702 (D. Del. 1998), aff’d, 529 U.S. 803 (2000), the court d ...

...ublic Law No. 100-235 (H.R. 145), (Jan. 8, 1988), was passed by the United States Congress. It was passed to improve the security and privacy of sensitive in ...

...District of Columbia and of the territories and possessions of the United States, and their various subdivisions; or ...ersons, other than agencies, instrumentalities, or employees of the United States; or ...

==Other U.S. States that have passed similar laws== Laws of this nature are being passed by legislatures all over the United States. Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maine, Minne ...

United States courts use the Miller test for determining whether speech or expression is In United States v. Kilbride, 584 F.3d 1240 (9th Cir. 2009), the defendant argued that becau ...

...is, and always will be, folly; but we have staked upon it our all." United States v. Associated Press, 52 F. Supp. 362, 372 (S.D.N.Y. 1943) (opinion of the c ...

(1) The purpose of section 552 of title 5, United States Code, popularly known as the Freedom of Information Act, is to require agen Section 552(f) of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as follows:<br> ...

However, when authorized by the Justice Department and signed by a United States District Court or Court of Appeals judge, a wiretap order permits law enfor ...to gather evidence of crime unrelated to their rights or property. United States v. Harvey, 540 F.2d 1345, 1352 (8th Cir. 1976). ...

...schools; (2) the Library Services Technology Act, which provides grants to states for support of libraries; and (3) the E-rate program, under the Communicati ...(h)(7)(D), (l)(2). CIPA was challenged in American Library Ass’n v. United States, 201 F. Supp. 2d 401 (E.D. Pa. 2002), by a group of libraries, library asso ...

...ials. It has been shown that, in 1990, 87% of the population of the United States could be uniquely identified by gender, ZIP code, and full date of birth. === United States of America === ...

...onference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws]] (NCCUSL). Since then 47 States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands have ad ...laws recognizing electronic signatures (Illinois, New York, and Washington states) ...

...nal or tortuous act in violation of the Constitution or laws of the United States or any State—<br> ...

...gnatures in Global and National Commerce Act''' ('''ESIGN''') is a United States federal law passed by the U.S. Congress to facilitate the use of [[electron :Section 101(c)(1)(C) states that the consumer also ''"consent electronically, in a manner that reasonab ...

Unlike state laws that emanate from the common law right of the states to legislate against many types of crime, the federal criminal law must hav Supranational organizations provide mechanisms whereby disputes between states may be resolved through arbitration or mediation. When a country is recogni ...

...to notify: (i) each individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States whose unsecured PHR identifiable health information was acquired by an unau * United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Security Standards; Final Rul ...

The '''Computer Fraud and Abuse Act''' is a law passed by the United States Congress in 1984 intended to reduce cracking of computer systems and to add ...usively for such use, used by or for a financial institution or the United States Government and the conduct constituting the offense affects that use by or ...

.... No. 106-102, 113 Stat. 1338 (November 12, 1999), is an Act of the United States Congress which repealed the Glass-Steagall Act, opening up competition amon ...g health information, and for other purposes., In The Senate of the United States, July 25 (legislative day, JULY 21), 2003)include:<br> ...

...to [[privacy]] is a highly developed area of law in Europe. All the member states of the European Union (EU) are also signatories of the European Convention ...ion realized that diverging data protection legislation amongst EU member states impeded the free flow of data within the EU and accordingly proposed the Da ...

...merce, and thus does not violate the dormant Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution; the act does not directly regulate commerce occurring wholly * [http://www.spamlaws.com/cases/kelley.shtml United States v. Kelley (9th Cir. 2007)] ...

...ation concerning computer-generated evidence was aptly expressed by United States Circuit Court Judge Van Graafeiland, in a dissent, when he or she voiced a ...

...g to help, generous, and extremely sensitive. From sergeants in the United States Army to blue collar workers, those who have known him or her found my clien ...

...at was designed to accommodate legal bills generated outside of the United States. It includes all of the fields in the LEDES 1998B format, plus additional ...

...ces Act (FDCPA), it forms the base of consumer credit rights in the United States. It was originally passed in 1970, and is enforced by the US Federal Trade ...o maintain certain records, to require that certain transactions in United States currency be reported to the Department of the Treasury, and for other purpo ...

==Law in United States== ...onal privacy or data security laws, and hundreds of such laws among its 50 states. (California alone has more than 25 state privacy and data security laws). ...

...a magistrate. See 18 U.S.C. §§ 2510(9) and 2516(1); see also In re United States of America, 10 F.3d 931 (2d Cir. 1993), cert. denied, 115 S. Ct. 64 (1994). ...1995); United States v. Marcy, 777 F. Supp. 1400 (N.D. Ill. 1991); United States v. Martin, 599 F.2d 880 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, 441 U.S. 962 (1979). ...

...h law enforcement in the investigation of terrorist activity in the United States. In Financial Institution Letter 87-2001, dated September 28, 2001, banking * [http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/money_laundering.html United Nations Money Laundering Home Page]<br> ...

...ave the force of law or a U.S. Department of Justice directive. See United States v. Caceres, 440 U.S. 741 (1979).<br> ...

==United Kingdom== ...Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)]] is an arm of the Government of the United Kingdom, accountable to the Attorney-General. ...

...Insurance Act or section 123 of Public Law 91-508, is liable to the United States Government for a civil penalty of not more than the greater of the amount ( ...ragraph (A) shall be reduced by the amount of any forfeiture to the United States in connection with the transaction with respect to which such penalty is im ...

...ices. Further, several sections within the Criminal Division of the United States Department of Justice in Washington, D.C., have expertise in computer-relat ...

...erwise communicate via an electronic network is an ECSP. See, e.g., United States v. Mullins, 992 F.2d 1472, 1478 (9th Cir. 1993) (airline that provides trav ...s through netscape.net, is a provider of ECS); In re Application of United States for an Order Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 2703(D), 157 F. Supp. 2d 286, 289 (S.D ...

...pted as an [[encryption]] standard by the Federal government of the United States. It has been analyzed extensively and is now used worldwide, as was the ca ...nada. The use of validated cryptographic modules is required by the United States Government for all unclassified uses of cryptography. The Government of Can ...

...United States George W. Bush on December 16, 2003, establishes the United States' first national standards for the sending of commercial e-mail and requires ...rs to get permission before they send marketing messages. It also prevents states from enacting stronger anti-spam protections, and prohibits individuals who ...

...the term has the connotation of a positive declaration." See, e.g., United States v. Lewis, 902 F.2d 1176, 1179 (5th Cir. 1990); Lexington Ins. Co. v. W. Pen .... 2007); United States v. Fujii, 301 F.3d 535, 539 (7th Cir. 2002); United States v. Briscoe, 896 F.2d 1476, 1494 (7th Cir. 1990). ...

...c library, bookstore or newsstand”). It reflects “the policy of the United States . . . to preserve the vibrantand competitive free market that presently exi ...nconsistent with the provisions of the Act. However, the statute expressly states that it has no effect on federal criminal law, intellectual property law, a ...

(d) Jurisdiction. Any action under this section may be brought in any United States district court or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, and shall b ...

(d) Jurisdiction. Any action under this section may be brought in any United States district court or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, and shall b ...

...e mark “is widely recognized by the general consuming public of the United States as a designation of source of the goods or services of the mark's owner.” ...se of trademarks or any use protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which includes gripe sites. In ''Mayflower Transit, L.L.C. v. ...

...party to a copyright treaty; (2) the work is first published in the Unites States or a country that is a party to the Universal Copyright Convention; (3) the # '''Foreign Application.''' In many countries outside the United States, authors have personal or “moral rights” apart from and in addition to prop ...

...es incarceration and the loss of many other civil liberties. In the United States, a criminal defendant is presumed innocent of the charges against them unti ...

...ess with whom the transaction takes place. So a user in one of the United States conducting a transaction with another user in Britain through a server in C ==Internet regulation in the United States== ...

...CA amended [[Title 17 of the United States Code|Title 17]] of the [[United States Code]] to extend the reach of copyright, while limiting the liability of th ...ally requires separate legislation by or within each of the Union's member states.) ...

...mmonly called '''Sarbanes–Oxley''', '''SarBox''' or '''SOX''', is a United States federal law enacted on July 30, 2002. It is named after sponsors U.S. Senat ...s to comply with the new law. Harvey Pitt, the 26th chairman of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), led the SEC in the adoption of do ...

...em administrator's common authority to consent to a search under to United States v. Matlock, 415 U.S. 164 (1974). (2) WARNING! This computer system is the property of the United States Department of Justice and may be accessed only by authorized users. Unautho ...

...o been reversed and remanded upon review by the Eighth Circuit in ''United States v. Bach'', 310 F.3d 1063 (8th Cir. 2002). ...a person in violation of this section may bring a civil action in a United States district court.) ''See also Camfield v. City of Oklahoma City'', 248 F.3d 1 ...

...cts, it may sometimes be called a service mark, particularly in the United States trademark law. * United Kingdom: 1876;– The Bass Brewery Red Triangle was the first trademark to be ...

In 2004, the United Kingdom enacted the Civil Contingencies Act 2004, instructing emergency ser ...ed States General Accounting Office Y2k BCP Guide] (August 1998). ''United States Government Accountability Office''. ...

The Fourth Amendment states: ...ference with an individual's possessory interests in that property,"United States v. Jacobsen, 466 U.S. 109, 113 (1984), and the Court has also characterized ...

...communications are fully protected by the Fourth Amendment. Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 353-354 (1967). The Government must satisfy stringent proced ...lso been reversed and remanded upon review by the Eighth Circuit in United States v. Bach, 310 F.3d 1063 (8th Cir. 2002). ...