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...virtually anywhere there is a phone connection. Consequently identify the computer criminal is difficult. Consider the following example in detail to see how it might affect a computer crime defense: ...

...o have committed a certain act using a computer.[[FN33]] Often access to a computer is accomplished by means of a remote terminal or other type of device. Thes ...necessary to record conversations involving communications hookups to the computer, or to intercept the data that a defendant is sending or receiving. For exa ...

...nsurance carriers. Coverage is increasingly available to cover risks from security breaches or denial of service attacks. Several insurance companies offer e '''When evaluating the need for insurance to cover information security threats, financial institutions should understand the following points:''' ...

:'''Avoid Session Management Pitfalls:''' [[Media:session-management-security.pdf]]<br> ...Configuration Management for Security:''' [[Media:configuration-management-security.pdf]] <br> ...

=='''Logical Security'''== ...n a computer network or a computer workstation. It is a subset of computer security.<br> ...

...yer's Guide to the Emerging Legal Issues 14 ( Joseph F. Ruh, Jr., ed., The Computer Law Association 1996). ...

...ourt will rule that proof is necessary before it accepts evidence from the computer system, a prosecutor is far more likely to choose to negotiate the case rat ...It is insufficient to declare that there are codes and passwords and other security devices. Something more should be available to trace the input and output a ...

...advantage of the surprise attack while they are still unknown to computer security professionals. Recent history certainly does show us an increasing rate of ...stand the nature of vulnerabilities and their exploitation by individuals, computer worms and viruses. ...

==Motion to exclude computer-generated evidence—Laying business record exception foundation== The true test of the admissibility of computer-generated documents is the adequacy of the foundation for the evidence, as ...

==Physical and Environmental Security== '''Physical security''' describes measures that prevent or deter attackers from accessing a faci ...

...SO/IEC 17799]], "Information Technology - Code of practice for information security management." in 2000. [[ISO/IEC 17799]] was then revised in June 2005 and ...ormation security management system]] (ISMS), referring to the information security management structure and controls identified in BS 7799-2, which later beca ...

...not be sent to prison. It is an adaptation of the argument in a well-known computer crime case.[[FN77]] ...much to offer society. One of the letters describes my client as "the top computer scientist I know." He is, indeed, a unique individual, as shown by these ma ...

...modern computers and receive hundreds of megabytes of data, poses another security headache. A spy (perhaps posing as a cleaning person) could easily conceal ...k occupied by a deleted file is insufficient in many cases. Peter Gutmann (computer scientist) of the University of Auckland wrote a celebrated paper some year ...

...n of an interference with the owner's right to exclusive possession of the computer. ...here the statutory requirement that the defendant knowingly gain access to computer material is not supported by the factual allegations of the indictment and ...

...controls)that are needed to create, implement, and maintain an Information Security Program that complies with ISO 17799.<br> :*'''[[Security Policy:|'''Security Policy''']]<br> ...

If the computer crime statute is new, the defendant may feel that he or she is being used a To the extent that defendants in computer crime cases are less socially sophisticated than other criminals, a plea ba ...

..., known as '''DITSCAP''' ('''Department of Defense Information Technology Security Certification and Accreditation Process'''), in 2006. ...IACAP]], is used for the certification and accreditation (C&A) of national security systems outside of the DoD. ...

...ecurity]] which in turn grew out of practices and procedures of [[computer security]]. ...ter science. Therefore, IA is best thought of as a superset of information security. ...

...mation technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security management''. The current standard is a revision of the version published i ...ining [[ISMS|Information Security Management Systems]] (ISMS). Information security is defined within the standard in the context of the [[CIA triad|C-I-A tria ...

...1:|'''SOX.2.7.1''']] End-user computing policies and procedures concerning security, availability and processing integrity exist and are followed.<br> * ITIL 8.9.3 Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) Risk Analysis and Management Method (C ...

::'''2. Risk: Computer equipment may be compromised by accidental damage.''' :::a. [[SOX.2.6.1:|'''SOX.2.6.1''']] Physical storage of computer equipment should be appropriately protected to prevent the risk of accident ...

==Personnel Security== ...loyees, contractors, or third-party employees can exploit their legitimate computer access for malicious, fraudulent, or economic reasons. Additionally, the de ...

...tackers are unlikely to find them. The technique stands in contrast with [[security by design]], although many real-world projects include elements of both str ...aphy was disturbing to the US government, which seems to have been using a security through obscurity analysis to support its opposition to such work. ...

Links to helpful or interesting information security documents.<br> :This paper discusses common security vulnerabilities in PHP applications.<br> ...

...is a term used in Title 18, Section 1030 of the United States Code, (the [[Computer Fraud and Abuse Act]]) which prohibits a number of different kinds of condu <blockquote>a computer—<br/> ...

...tivities, general tasks and a management structure process for the [[Cyber security certification|certification]] and [[accreditation]] (C&A) of a DoD IS that DIACAP is the result of a [[NSA]] directed shift in underlying security paradigm and succeeds its predecessor: [[DITSCAP]]. ...

What are assets? Asset Management from a corporate governance and information security perspective is not just about 'IT' Assets. It is about the management, cont ...is taken from and attributable to UK-National Health Services Information Security it I believe adequately covers what we can do/do with data. ...

...ive, detective and corrective measures are in place (especially up-to-date security patches and virus control) across the organization to protect information s ...across the organization to protect information systems and technology from computer viruses. ...

==Data Security== The primary objective of information security is to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the insti ...

...lly assessed, at least annually, for content, environmental protection and security. Ensure compatibility of hardware and software to restore archived data and ...ding program development, program change, access to programs and data, and computer operations, which are periodically reviewed, updated and approved by manage ...

...e key, generally less secure than hardware schemes, but providing adequate security for many types of applications. See generally Schneier, supra note 18, at § ...

...g checklist contains items commonly used as evidence by the prosecution in computer crime cases. Defense counsel should be aware of these when formulating the * Systems documentation for computer system allegedly compromised ...

:'''(1)''' the term '''information security''' means protecting information and information systems from unauthorized a :'''(2)''' the term '''national security system''' means any information system (including any telecommunications sy ...

...d by the organization to specific standards and is not alterable by mobile computer users.'''<br> :* Examine associated endpoint firewall and security software configurations to verify that administration is restricted only au ...

...or licenses computerized 'personal information' to disclose any breach of security (to any resident whose unencrypted data is believed to have been disclosed) (2) shall disclose any breach of the security of the system following discovery or ...

...elecommunications equipment within an operations center will have a higher security zone than I/O operations, with the media used by that equipment stored at y ...en>'''HORSE FACTS:'''</font> Financial institutions should define physical security zones and implement appropriate preventative and detective controls in each ...

...mation technology - Security techniques - Code of practice for information security management''. ...ining [[ISMS|Information Security Management Systems]] (ISMS). Information security is defined within the standard in the context of the [[CIA triad|C-I-A tria ...

'''DS 5.10 Network Security '''<br> ...at security techniques and related management procedures (e.g., firewalls, security appliances, network segmentation, and intrusion detection) are used to auth ...

A '''privilege''' in a computer system is a permission to perform an action. Examples of various privileges [[Category:Operating system security]] ...

...tate, or local law enforcement officers. It may be investigated by private security personnel working for the victim as regular employees or as consultants. As ...

'''Incident Management''' otherwise known as '''Information Security Incident Management''', is a [[Service_Level_Management: | Service Level Ma ...tablished to ensure a quick, effective and orderly response to information security incidents.<br> ...

* [[Purpose of computer crime laws]] * [[Computer]] ...

...ment 2: Do not use vendor-supplied defaults for system passwords and other security parameters.''']] * [[PCI 8:|'''Requirement 8: Assign a unique ID to each person with computer access.''']] ...

...stionnaire, financially significant information systems are defined as the computer hardware and software, including system programs and application programs, ...n and are not subject to sampling. Other controls, such as programming and security authorization, are conducive to audit trail inspection and are subject to s ...

...athways into key systems. Firewalls are a key protection mechanism for any computer network.<br> ...of all services, protocols, and ports allowed, including documentation of security features implemented for those protocols considered to be insecure.]]<br> ...

Frequently, the computer crime defendant has all the characteristics that make him or her an excelle ...sed on his or her own recognizance need not post any bail or other form of security but must simply execute a promise to appear at all scheduled court appearan ...

==Information Security Audit== ...rom auditing the physical security of data centers to the auditing logical security of databases and highlights key components to look for and different method ...

::'''1. Risk: Information security and business requirements may be compromised. Inaccurate results are produc ...bility study through maintenance of the completed application. Verify that security, availability, and process integrity requirements are included.<br> ...

...ding program development, program change, access to programs and data, and computer operations, which are periodically reviewed, updated and approved by manage ::'''2. Risk: Security and business continuity risks are introduced by technical designs incompati ...

...he Secretary of Commerce of standards and guidelines pertaining to Federal computer systems; (5) designate executive agents for information technology acquisit ...ive such standards when compliance would adversely affect the mission of a computer operator or cause a major adverse financial impact on such operator which i ...